Introduction
Infertility is defined as a couple’s inability to achieve pregnancy following one year of appropriately timed and unprotected intercourse. By this criterion it has been estimated that approximately 15-20% of couples attempting to achieve pregnancy are unable to do so. A female factor is the primary etiology in approximately 30% of these couples and another 30 – 40% is pure male factor. A combination of male and female factors accounts for the remaining 20% to 30% of cases. This suggests that in more than 50% of couples presenting for infertility evaluation, a male factor is contributory. Because fertility involves a complex interaction of male and female factors, healthcare providers routinely involve both partners in the evaluation.
There are certain infertility work up for both male and female explained below.